Evaluation of sperm morphology in patients with varicocele before and after varicocelectomy surgery

Varicocele, defined as an abnormal dilatation of the testicular veins in the pampiniform plexus, is often associated with a reduction in the volume of the affected testicle. Today there is much debate about how much the varicocele actually damages the reproductive system and the mechanism through which this occurs. Varicocele is present in around 15% of the adult male population. However, 35% of men with primary infertility and 80% of men with secondary infertility present palpable varicoceles. This leads to two assumptions: varicocele is an important cause of male infertility and it causes a progressive decrease in fertility status. The aim of this study is to examine the semen quality and sperm morphology in patients with preoperation and post operation in three months with varicocele using sperm and semen parameters.Semen samples were obtained from a total of 30 patients diagnosed with varicocele grade-3. Semen samples were collected by masturbation after 3 days of sexual abstinence. After semen liquefaction, seminal analysis was performed using Makler camera according to WHO criteria, and sperm morphology was evaluated by using Spermac staining technique.In this study, the A motile sperm ratio average of the patients was before surgery 16,1±9 percent. After three months than surgery 22,3±20 percent (p?0.001). The average of B-motile sperms of the patients was discovered 12.53±7,5 percent and than surgery 14,7±5,9 percent (p?0.001). Means average of sperm morphology was 3,6±3.05 percent in prevaricocelectomized patients, %6.22±3.6 percent in postvaricocelectomized patients. Head, neck and tail anomalies were 76,2±7,3 percent, 10.43±3,7 percent and 10,9±4,9 percent successively. Postvaricocelectomized patients have important recovery in the head of sperms (p=0.008). Recovery in neck and tail of sperm were unsignificant (p>0.005). Patients age are between 19- 22.In conclusion, it is understood that varicocele has negative effects on sperm structure on functions. Varicocelectomy provides repair of sperm damage in 3 months. Varicocel has important infertility potential if untreated conditions.