Investigation of the apoptotic effects of combined use of 5-fluorouracil and silver nanoparticles using vitis vinifera extract (grape seed) in colon cancer cell line

In the treatment of colon cancer, besides classical methods such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical intervention, in vitro targeted nanotechnological methods, which are one of the innovative treatment methods, have started to be developed. Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles; As a non-toxic, inexpensive and biocompatible method, it attracts more attention from researchers to achieve targeted therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatments. In this study; We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the use of silver nanoparticles (Vv-AgNP) biosynthesized with Vitis vinifera extract, which has antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, alone or in combination with 5 Fluorouracil (5-FU) on HT-29 cell line. UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used for the characterization of green synthesis silver nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Vitis vinifera (grape seed). Vv-AgNPs prepared in different concentrations (0-20μg / mL) were treated with HT-29 cells alone and combined with 5-FU for 72 hours. The cytotoxic effects of synthesized Vv-AgNPs and their combination with 5-FU on HT-29 cells were evaluated by BrdU cell proliferation test and the determination of apoptosis-related Caspase-3 protein levels by Western blot method. Depending on the increasing concentration, it was observed that Vv-AgNPs increased cell death on the HT-29 cell line compared to the control group. In the combined application of Vv-AgNPs used at a dose of 1.25 μg / ml with 5-FU, it was observed that there was a decrease in cell viability more than 50%. Caspase-3 activation was found to be increased in rising doses of Vv-AuNPs (5-10 μg / ml), and apoptotic effect was more pronounced in combined use. In this study; It has been shown in vitro that the combined use of Vv-AgNPs synthesized with grape seed extract and 5-FU creates a synergistic effect in cytotoxic and apoptotic activity on cancer cells and it can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for colon cancer treatment.