Varnish application in conservation-restoration of oil paintings: Comparison of regalrez 1094, ketone (Ms2a) and dammar resin varnish

In this study, it is aimed to determine the signs and characteristics of aging as a result of artificial aging of Regalrez 1094, ketone and dammar varnishes, which are traditional and currently frequently used resins. In this context, varnishes were applied on the microscope slides with the most common combinations used by conservators and exposed to aging gradually. As a result of this gradual aging process of the samples; the effects of aging were investigated by examining with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), VIS (Visible Light), UV (Ultraviolet) light, microscope, and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy). Inferences were made by comparing the deterioration shape and types of the applied varnishes with the reference samples that were not exposed to artificial aging. Thus, it is aimed to have an idea about the possible aging procedures and results of the varnishes that have been used recently. The aged varnishes were scanned by SEM to show the changes in their structural form. In addition, as a result of the scans made with NMR, chemical and physical differentiations were investigated. As a result of all these, inferences were made about the possible deterioration properties of the varnishes used. Thus, it is aimed to inform the conservators who will use these materials about the possible deterioration of the materials they use.