Development of an electric vehicle powered by a fuel cell-battery hybrid power source

Today, with the increasing energy demand, all kinds of energy sources are being evaluated. With this increase in energy demand, the environmental problems brought about by the long-term use of large amounts of fossil fuels have reached undeniable dimensions and have been accepted as a common problem facing the development of world civilization. In the field of transportation, which has a large share in energy consumption all over the world, renewable and sustainable energy solutions are focused on to minimize environmental damage and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. For this reason, there is a trend towards electric vehicle technologies from internal combustion vehicle technologies. As a result of this orientation, electric vehicle solutions are developing rapidly in every field. With a competitive driving range, short refueling time and zero emissions, Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) are considered the most likely solution among vehicle technologies that can shed light on the future. Since the fuel cell needs some time and energy to be ready to produce power and it is late to meet the sudden power requirements, it should be hybridized with a second energy storage device that can eliminate these disadvantages. This secondary energy storage device also handles peak loads and high power dynamics and allows braking energy to be recovered to increase efficiency. Therefore, in this study, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a lithium-ion battery power an electric vehicle together. In this thesis, a fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is modeled with MATLAB-based Simscape in order to develop an electric vehicle powered by a fuel cell-battery hybrid power source. This vehicle model is simulated on NEDC, WLTP Class 3, US06, Artemis Motorway 150 and ELZ130 driving cycles created with real driving data. Designed with these simulations, the vehicle has consistently completed its operation under different cycle conditions and performance, efficiency and many related parameters have been obtained with the data obtained from the cycles. Among the most important results of the simulations are the fuel consumption and range values of the designed vehicle. These values are 2.08, 2.39, 2.44 L/100 km as gasoline equivalent consumption and 986, 858,6, 841 km as range for NEDC, WLTP and ELZ130, respectively.