Histopatological and immunohistochemical evaluation of newly developed MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) in bone healing in mandibular bone defect model in rats

Objective: It is aimed to examine the effectiveness of the newly developed NeoMTA 2 (NuSmile Avalon Biomed, Bradenton, FL) material on bone healing in dental procedures to be used in contact with bone. Materials and Methods: In the study, 42 Wistar breed male Wistar albino rats with an average weight of 200-250 g and an average of 6-8 weeks were used. Rats were divided into six groups Control group, Membrane group, MTA group, MTA + Membrane group, Biodentine group and Biodentine + Membrane group. Critical bone defects of 5 mm in size were created in the right mandible of the rats and materials were placed by the groups formed. Defects created in the control group were left blank. Three months after the surgical operation, the rats were sacrificed, and their mandibles were isolated. After the necessary tissue follow-up procedures, histological examination with Massen-Goldner trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry examination with Osteopontin (OPN) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) expression were performed. Results: After histological and immunohistochemical examination, the stained sections were examined under a microscope (Olympus BX50). As a result of the immunohistochemical examination, OPN expression was not observed in the control group, while the group with the highest OPN expression was determined as the Biodentine group. When VEGF expression was evaluated, no difference was observed between groups. The presence of inflammatory cells was observed in all groups in Massan Goldner trichrome staining. Conclusion: In the examined sections, OPN expression was highest in the Biodentine group, and the OPN reaction of NeoMTA 2 was observed at moderate intensity. It was observed that NeoMTA 2 was successful in bone healing compared to the control group. Keywords: NeoMTA 2, bone healing, Osteopontin, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, immunohistochemistry,Masson Goldner