Mortality risk factors of patients followed in the neonatal intensive care unit

Mortality risk factors of patients followed up in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Training and Research Hospital OBJEVTİVE: The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to mortality in Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Training And Research Hospital (AFSÜ) In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and to identify preventable causes of death in neonatal intensive care follow-up. MATERİAL AND METHOD: In this study, the babies who were lost in AFSU neonatal intensive care unit between the years of 2015-2019 were evaluated retrospectively. All babies born twenty-two weeks of gestation and above, who underwent CPR in the delivery room or who lost their follow-up in the intensive care unit were included in the study. Infants with intrauterine ex were excluded from the study. Neonatal mortality rates, perinatal-maternal risk factors and causes of death were determined. All cases were classified according to Wigglesworth perinatal mortality classifications. SNAP-PE II scoring was used to evaluate the probability of death. RESULT: In our hospital's neonatal intensive care unit, 3471 babies were hospitalized in 4 years and 83 of them (2.3%) were mortal. The most common cause of death is prematurity (n = 40, 48.1%); congenital lethal anomaly (n = 19, 22.8%) and genetic diseases (n = 12, 14.4%) were observed. According to birth weights, those <750 g were 16 (19.2%); 750-1000 g are 12 (14.4%); Those with 1000-1500 gr 16 (19.2%); 1500-2500 gr ones are 17 (20.4%); Those with 2500-4000 gr were 20 (24.0%) and those with> 4000 gr were 2 (2.4%). In the early neonatal period, 49 (59.0%) newborns were lost and 20 (24.1%) of these patients were lost in the first 24 hours. In the late neonatal period, 15 (18.1%) patients and 19 (22.9%) patients died in the postneonatal period. While deaths related to PM were common in low gestation weeks, it was found that as gestation age increased, lethal anomalies and genetic diseases increased. CONCLUSİON: The causes of death of babies lost in neonatal intensive care are multifactorial and vary with gestational age. İn our study, it was found that prematurity and intrauterine diagnosed congenital anomalies are among the most important causes that increase neonatal mortality. It is seen that congenital lethal anomalies are observed as a high rate of death in our unit when compared to international publications. Therefore, attempts to decrease neonatal intensive care mortality are; since there are preventable infant deaths, ensuring the improvement of care conditions in the perinatal period should be the first target for both mother and infant health. The decision to continue the pregnancy of prenatal diagnosed lethal anamolies and genetic disorders in our region is an important issue that raises mortality rates and requires ethical discussions.