Evaluation of the relationship of cd36 and gpr120 genes polymorphisms with fat perception and nutritional status in adults

This study was planned to investigate the relationship between CD36 (rs1761667, rs1527483) and GPR120 (rs116454156) gene polymorphisms and oral fat detection threshold (FDT), dietary fat intake, body composition, blood lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and serum insulin in adults in the Turkish population. The study was conducted with 151 healthy volunteer (53,6% female) with a mean age of 25,7±4,30 years. A pre-evaluation form and Eating Attitude Test-26 was applied to the individuals to assess their eligibility for inclusion criteria. A questionnaire and Fat Preference Questionnaire (FPQ) were applied to the individuals who met the criteria, and anthropometric measurements, blood samples and dietary records (3 consecutive days) of the individuals were taken. Oral FDT of individuals were determined. FDT of individuals with normal body mass index (BMI) is lower than who are overweight/obese (p<0,05). FDT of individuals with overweight/obese BMI and CD36 rs1761667 AA genotype is higher than with GG genotype (p<0,05). FDT of individuals with GPR120 rs116454156 GG genotype is higher than with GA/AA genotype (p<0,05). FDT of individuals is positively correlated with body weight, waist/hip ratio, waist and neck circumferences (p<0,05). Individuals with normal BMI and CD36 rs1761667 AA genotype have higher intakes of fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and percentages of dietary energy from fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids compared to with GG and GA genotypes (p<0,017). Individuals with normal BMI and with GPR120 rs116454156 GG genotype have higher cholesterol intake than with GA/AA genotype (p<0,05). FDT of individuals is positively correlated with dietary energy and fat intake, percentages of dietary energy from fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (p<0,05). The FREQ score of FPQ, which indicates that foods with high fat content are eaten more frequently, and the TASTE, which indicates that foods with high fat content have better taste, are higher in hyposensitive individuals than hypersensitive (p<0,05). Individuals with CD36 rs1761667 AA genotype had higher FREQ and TASTE scores than those with GA and GG genotypes (p<0,017). FDT of individuals is positively correlated with FREQ and TASTE scores (p<0,05). Fasting blood triglyceride level of individuals with CD36 rs1527483 CT/TT genotype are higher than with CC genotype (p<0,05). Individuals with GPR120 rs116454156 GG genotype had lower fasting blood glucose levels than with GA/AA genotype (p<0,05). In this study, it has been shown that oral FDT is associated with dietary fat intake, fat preference, BMI and adiposity parameters. It has been demonstrated that CD36 rs1761667 polymorphism can change dietary fat intake and preferences by affecting FDT. Considering the role of dietary fat intake in the development of obesity, understanding the relationship between FDT and fat intake and/or preference and the role of taste receptor genetic variations in this relationship may form the basis for new approaches to combating obesity.