Determination of optimum transmitter's height and position by developing electromagnetic wave propagation model using high-performance computing

This thesis analysed a variety of electromagnetic prediction models, Method of Moments, Finite Element Method, Finite Difference Time Domain, Geometrical Optics, Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD), Slope Uniform Theory of Diffraction (S-UTD), Slope Uniform Theory of Diffraction with Convex Hull Model (S-UTD-CH), and the pros and cons of these models amongst themselves. Based on ray tracing algorithm, the models of UTD, S-UTD and S-UTD-CH are compared to one another in terms of calculation times and accuracy and their formulas are introduced in detail. The proposed models have positive and negative sides owing to the trade-offs between simulation time and accuracy. Particularly in S-UTD method, the more the number of buildings is, relatively speaking, the more complex derivative of the diffracted fields are and the longer time simulations run. An efficient method of S-UTD, S-UTD-CH has fresnel fields, used in the model to eliminate the buildings, exerting a negligible effect on the overall coverage map. In an urban broadcast scenario, the size of buildings is defined as 11×11. Every building is employed temporarily as a transmitter antenna. To determine the optimum location of the base station, the antenna position is deployed and changed on the top of each building, having the height randomly assigned. Upon calculating the electrical field of all buildings, the coverage map, illustrate the best position of the base station, is obtained by utilizing MATLAB. MATLAB Graphical User İnteface is created, enabling users to make their own urban scenario, run the ray-tracing algorithm and obtain the coverage map. By utilizing MATLAB for two frequencies 220 and 1800 MHz, the simulations are implemented for the same scenario in three promising models to calculate simulation time including elapses time, both using the graphics processing unit of the computer and not using. The effect of these methods is observed simultaneously on the coverage map. In addition, various scenarios are implemented including different frequency and the height of building, almost very close to one another, to observe also differences of these crucial parameters.