The effect of different sowing density and nitrogen levels on yield and yield components and some quality traits in oats

This study, different nitrogen doses (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 kg N da-1) and sowing densities (150, 300, 450 and 600 seed m-2) of Kahraman oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar in order to determine to the effects on yield elements and some quality traits was carried out the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons in Bilecik conditions. The experiments were set up with a split-plot design in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications, nitrogen rates took place at main plots and sowing density at subplots. In the study, the effects of nitrogen doses and sowing density on plant height, panicle length, peduncle length, main stem thickness, number of ear per panicle, number of grain per panicle, biomass yield, grain yield, thousand-grain weight, ash ratio, protein ratio, starch ratio, β-glucan ratio and fat ratio traits of oats were investigated. In the study, significant differences were found between the years in terms of all the investigated examined, except for the fat ratio. The effect of sowing densities on all the examined traits except the upper internode length was found to be statistically significant. Plant height, peduncle length, main stem thickness, number of ear per panicle, number of grain per panicle, grain yield, protein, starch and β-glucan ratio was found to be statistically significant. The highest grain yield was obtained with 300 (445.57 kg da-1) and 450 (456.45 kg da-1) sowing densities per m2. Since there is no statistical difference between these densities, 300 sowing densities per m2 can be recommended for Kahraman oat cultivar. In addition, the highest grain yield (456.45 kg da-1) was obtained at 8 kg nitrogen dose per decare. The results of this study showed significant differences in oat grain yield and grain quality traits according to years, applied nitrogen doses and sowing densities applications. For this reason, determining the appropriate sowing density and appropriate nitrogen fertilizer dosage applications in the areas where oat farming is carried out shows that it is essential for an economic production as well as to obtain high yield and quality products in oat farming.