Investigation and solution of tunnel boring desingn and construction requirements in weak rocks and faulted zones

The rapid increase in population in the developing world also incerases the need of mankind for energy, transportation, drinking water and industrial water. The obligation of meeting these needs in addition to fast urbanization, historical procedure, fast building rate and the planning predicament induced by population growth have made the utilization of underground actively as a transport medium compulsory. Besides, It is only possible to overcome these difficulties with the boring of underground openings and tunnels.The risky situations in tunnelling are induced by the hard conditions through which the tunnel will be bored and also the unexpected factors imposed by the underground formations. Additionally, the upper structure of the city is as well an active parameter particularly in inner city tunnels and highway tunnel constructions. Therefore, in this thesis, tunnel boring, design and construction requirements have been investigated for weak rocks and faulted zones by using empirical, analytical and numerical models. As a consequence of these investigations; by investigating the route of Üçyol-Fahrettin Altay within İzmir Metro 2nd Phase, it was found that which parameters should be evaluated in boring tunnels in weak and faulted formations by using empirical, analytical and numerical modellling methods and finally it was decided that the obtained data would yield better results.While making evaluations for the tunnel which has been under construction, the empirical, analytical and numerical modelling techniques have been employed and the obtained data have been compared with the actually encountered conditions. In this study, the measures that should be taken especially in weak rocks and faulted zone transitions and also the tunnel construction parameters have been put forward.