Amendments to the Law no. 5275 and its effect on criminal deterrence

This study aims to examine the amendments made to Law No. 5275 on the Execution of Sentences and Security Measures since its enactment, as well as the implications of these changes on enforcement law. The research particularly focuses on the transformation of core enforcement practices such as parole, supervised release, and alternative mechanisms that allow sentences to be served outside penal institutions. Factors such as prison overcrowding, global pandemics, and systemic necessities have been the primary drivers of these legislative reforms. The study also provides an in-depth analysis of deterrence theory, which constitutes one of the key objectives of enforcement law. Both specific deterrence, aimed at preventing reoffending by the individual, and general deterrence, intended to discourage society at large from committing crimes, are discussed from theoretical and practical perspectives. Finally, the effects of recent legislative changes on deterrence are analyzed through a comparative legal approach and supported by current statistical data.