Political developments in the Republican Period in Afghanistan (1973-1978)

In this study, the political developments of the Republican Period between 1973-1978 in Afghanistan were investigated. As a matter of fact, it was seen that four main people were living in Afghanistan, namely Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara and Uzbek. The Constitution of 1964 was the most important development that led the states and the administration of the country to the Republic. Because the political parties were established and the political diversity was formed in the country. The formation of six left-wing and three right-wing political parties after the declaration of the Constitution shows this. However, the establishment of the parties brought with it political tensions and eventually led to the coup of 17 July 1973 on the road to the Republic. It was seen that Davud Khan led the country under the Republican administration declared with the coup. In the first year of the Republic, he served as president and prime minister, especially with left-wing groups and provided them to take part in political positions. However, since the end of 1975, he changed his attitude and removed the elements from the left wing. Since the political tension in the country increased, the party activities were terminated and the one-party power was established, then the assassination of the country and the Republic period was ended with the coup d'état on 27 April 1978. In the last part of the study, foreign relations between 1973-1978, which was called The Republic period of Afghanistan, were discussed. In this respect, first the relations with the leading powers of the period, such as the USA, the Soviet Union, and then the relations with the neighboring countries of Afghanistan and Turkey have been examined in various ways. The study was prepared by considering the chronological order. Keywords: Afghanistan, Republic, Davud Khan, Democracy, Coup, Foreign Policy.