Detection of antinuclear antibodies with difference methods and comparision of subgroups

3SUMMARYAutoimmune diseases occur as a result of the immune response to selfantigens and tissues of the organism and the detection of autoantibodies is veryimportant in the diagnosis of these disorders. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)autoantibodies generated against to nuclear/ cytoplasmic components of the cell areimportant diagnostic criteria for connective tissue diseases. Currently, a number ofmethods are available for the detection of ANA. Indirect immunofloresance antibody(IFA) method, known as the oldest technique, is still widely used. Nowadays, theautoantibodies orginated to extractable nuclear/cytoplasmic antigens, anti ENAantibodies in connective tissue disease has been noticed for evaluation of the diseasedifferantion and the severity of the course. The new tecniques, developed for thedetection of subgroups, are also needed the entities with ANA positivity.In our study, it was investigated ANA positivity by using IFA, Dot Blottingand ELISA techniques on a total 117 patient sera from different clinics. The enrolledpatients were 85 (%72.6) women and 32 (%27.4) men. IFA accepted as a referencetest, for the examination titration and patterns were taken into consideration.Subgroups were determinated by Dot Blotting and total anti ENA antibodies wereinvestigated by ELISA.As a result of our study, the positivity was found in 81 (%72.6) sera by IFA,98 (%83.8) sera by Dot blotting and 56 (%47.9) sera by ELISA. Sensitivity wasfound % 81.2 for Dot Blotting and %71.7 for ELISA . Specificity was found %50.0for dot blotting and %85.7 for ELISA.In conclusion, it is known that diagnosis with only one method is not arelaible aproach for the detection of ANA positivity. It is shown that, it is availableto differantiate subgroups of ANA and to determinate different subgroups in samepatient by Dot Blotting. However, it is obvious that using this technique alone wasdue to detect some positive samples even though they were negative by IFA and alsoPDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com4when their titre were low level. It was possible work with relatively a high number ofsamples in a short period of time and to perform qualitative evaluation by ELISA.But with this methodology differantiating subgroups was not possible. Therefore wesuggest using one or more than one tests together with IFA was suitable in order toget more reliable results.Key words: Antinuclear antibody, anti ENA, indrect immunofloresance antibody,Dot Blotting, ELISA, autoimmune disease, autoantibodyPDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com