A program proposal aimed at developing intermediate-level speaking skills for non native speakers of Arabic

This study aims to design a functional and communication-oriented program to develop the speaking skills of intermediate-level students whose native language is not Arabic. The developed program was structured by taking into account the linguistic and cultural characteristics of the target learners, encouraging them to communicate effectively in real-life contexts. The researcher adopted a descriptive and quasi-experimental method, beginning with a needs analysis of the target group. Within the scope of the study, an observation form containing standardized indicators was developed to assess students' fluency, accuracy, and interaction levels, and its validity and reliability were confirmed through expert opinions. The program was designed to suit the intermediate level and was supported by realistic dialogues, communicative tasks, and interactive classroom activities. To measure the effectiveness of the program, statistical analyses were conducted on the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group. Since the sample size was less than 50, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normal distribution of the data. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test scores (p < 0.05), and a noticeable improvement was observed in the students' levels of fluency and accuracy after the implementation of the program. This study highlights the importance of needs-based, culturally relevant, and interaction-focused programs in developing speaking skills among learners of Arabic as a foreign language and demonstrates the positive impact of such programs on learning outcomes.