Olive and olive growing activities in the Marmara Region as reflected in the press (1923-1960)

Olive has been important throughout human history in written and unwritten sources. From the olive fruit to the tree, from the branch to the leaf, and even to the oil, it is considered sacred and has a meaning that reflects life. With its presence in the Mediterranean geography, it represented the Mediterranean culture of the countries in this basin. In Turkey, self-growing olives based on natural climate and geographical conditions have come to the fore with different aspects in different regions in table and oil production. Olive oil is grown in the southwest of Marmara, and table olives are grown in the southeast. In this study, it has been tried to focus on the decisions, practices, researches and their reflection on the press regarding the olive activity in the Marmara Region in the Republican Period between 1923-1960. Between the years 1920-1930 T.B.M.M. The negotiations in the minutes and the Olive Report prepared in this period were one of the main sources. How it took place in the news in local and national newspapers about olive activities between 1930 and 1960 constitutes our main source for this period. In addition, the researches and articles on olive cultivation in the journals published on olives in this period were examined. Olive agriculture, disease and pest control, improvement studies, price policy, the economic value of olive and olive oil, as well as the change over the years are examined. Between the years 1923-1960, olive production, the production of olive oil and the problems of soap production were tried to be evaluated within the framework of olive activity. Keywords: Olive, olive oil, soap, Marmara Region