İnvestigation of some apple cultivars performancesin the conditions of the plain in Malatya

Apple cultivation is carried out in almost all regions of the northern and southern hemisphere swarmclimates. However; it is important to determine the appropriate varieties for all ecology, requires examination of the performances of these varieties. This study was carried out in 2018-2019 in order to determine the performance of some apple varieties grown in plain conditions in Malatya province. In the study; The phenological, pomological, yield characteristics of Pink Lady, Golden Delicious, Starcrimson Delicious, Granny Smith and Fuji apple varieties have been examined. According to the results of the research; bud swelling March 13-27, bud burst March 20 - April 1, the beginning of flowering March 31 - April 18, full flowering April 5-24, end of flowering April 11 - May 1, harvest time September 16 - November 8, leaf dump December 4-15 between dates took place. Fruit weight of varieties 131.17 g (Pink Lady) - 160.70 g (Granny Smith), fruit flesh hardness 4.50 kg/cm2 (Golden Delicious) - 6.72 kg/cm2 (Granny Smith), fruit shell color values, L value 81.46 (Golden Delicious)- 53.70 (Starcrimson Delicious), a value Pink Lady (31.11) and Granny Smith (-15.56 ), b value Granny Smith (46.10) - Starcrimson Delicious (19.20) has been detected as. WSDM value of varieties 12.60% (Granny Smith) - 16.83% (Fuji), pH 3,41 (Fuji) - 4.48 (Pink Lady), TAA amount 0.14% (Fuji) - 0.27% (Starcrimson Delicious), total phenolic items quantity 338 mg/100 g GAE (Pink Lady) - 854 mg/100 g GAE (Golden Delicious), antioxidant activity 49% (Golden Delicious) - 67% (Granny Smith), total sugar amount 543.20 g/kg (Granny Smith) - 644.49 g/kg (Golden Delicious), reducted sugar amount 377.22 g/kg (Granny Smith) - 447.56 g/kg (Golden Delicious) between was determined. Yield per tree 23.30 kg (Granny Smith) - 63.30 kg (Fuji) and unit field efficiency 1553.30 kg/da (Granny Smith) - 4220 kg/da (Fuji) between has changed. As a result of the study, since the altitude is low in Malatya plain conditions, there is not much difference between day and night temperatures, so the apples have not reached the desired color values. Therefore, producers who want to grow apples in these conditions should turn towards to more light-colored fruits such as Granny Smith, Golden Delicious and Pink Lady.