Comparison of yield and fiber quality characteristics of some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties in different locations

This study was conducted during the 2023 cotton production season in the ecological conditions of Viranşehir, Harran, and Suruç districts of Şanlıurfa province. The aim was to compare the yield and fiber quality characteristics of different cotton varieties using a randomized block design with four replications. In the study, plot length was set at 10 meters, Plants were planted with a distance of 75 cm between rows and 8-10 cm between rows, and thinning was done accordingly.The cotton varieties used as materials in this study were Livzara, Candia, Fiona, May 455, Ramses, Bonus, Lazer, Bomba, C-92, and Lima. The study evaluated seed cotton yield, the number of bolls, and fiber quality characteristics.As a result, the highest seed cotton yield was recorded for the Lazer variety in the Viranşehir location at 659.44 kg/da, The lowest seed cotton yield was measured in the Fiona variety with 394.34 kg/da in the Suruç location. In the Harran location, the longest fibers were detected in the Ramses variety (33-34 mm), indicating that this variety is suitable for high-quality textile production. The shortest fibers were measured in the Bomba variety (30-31 mm).The highest fiber strength was recorded in the Lazer and Livzara varieties at 36 g/tex, while the lowest fiber strength was determined in the Fiona variety at 32 g/tex. The Bonus and Ramses varieties fell into the medium fineness category with micronaire values of 4.8.The highest ginning turnout was measured in the Bonus and Lazer varieties at 47%, indicating that these varieties are economically advantageous for ginning enterprises. The lowest ginning turnout was recorded in the Fiona and Lima varieties at 44%.The fact that the highest yield values were obtained in Harran and Viranşehir suggests that these regions may be more advantageous in terms of climate and soil structure. The lower yields observed in Suruç indicate that better plant management, irrigation, and fertilization strategies may be required.