Determination of yield, yield components and quality values of some peanut varieties (Arachis hypogaea L.) in different ecological conditions

This study was compared 15 registered peanut varieties (NC-7, Sultan, Çom, BATEM-5025, BATEM- Cihangir, Florispan, Halisbey, Ayşehanım, Masal, Osmaniye-2005, Wilson, Arıoğlu-2003, Georgia Green, Gazipaşa and Rigel) for yield, yield components and quality criteria for two years in Osmaniye, Kahramanmaraş and Şanlıurfa provinces. When three locations and two years were evaluated together, plant emergence time, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to gynophore formation and days to fruit formation values were between 9-16 days, 32-42 days, 35-46 days, 47-62 days and 61-76 days, respectively. Florispan and Osmaniye-2005 were the earliest and the latest varieties, respectively. Main stem length was 26.8-53.3 cm; lateral branch length was 47.1-68.5 cm; number of fruits per plant was 23.4-61.2 pieces; fruit weight per plant was 26.1-99.1 g; first quality fruit number ratio was 39.6-71.5%, second quality fruit number ratio was 19.4-45.5%; 100 fruit weight was 99.1-303.0 g; 100 seed weight was 52.9-119.8 g; shelling ratio was 57.9-76.0%; fruit yield per hectare was 2765-6459 kg.ha-1. According to the two-year average values, the Masal was the highest fruit yielding variety in all three locations. In terms of quality, the oil ratio was determined as 43.8-49.2%; protein ratio as 21.3-28.4%; palmitic acid ratio as 5.74-11.62%; stearic acid ratio as 1.73-3.10%; oleic acid ratio as 38.4-78.9%; linoleic acid ratio as 3.80-39.70%; linolenic acid ratio as 1.04-1.53%. As a result, according to the two-year average values, the Masal variety was the highest fruit yielding variety in all three locations. The highest yielding varieties were Masal and Rigel in Osmaniye; Masal in Kahramanmaraş; Masal, Sultan, Halisbey and Osmaniye-2005 in Şanlıurfa.. For quality, the Masal variety was a high-oleic variety with its healthy fatty acid composition. The NC-7 variety, which is the dominant variety in the peanut seed market, showed an above-average performance. Keywords: Peanut, Genotype, Yield Components, Protein, Fatty Acids