Determination of the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and biochar applications on yield, yield components and quality parameters in some triticale varieties

Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) have many direct and indirect effects on plants. However, very little of the plant-bacteria interaction has been explained, and as studies continue, new discoveries continue to be made in the scientific community. Biochar increases soil activities and retains nutrients such as magnesium, calcium and potassium in the soil. It increases agricultural production and yield. The study was carried out in the trial areas of Siirt University Faculty of Agriculture during the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 production seasons to determine the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and biochar applications on plant development, yield, yield components and quality parameters in triticale. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Two triticale varieties, three biochar doses, five bacteria and control treatments were used. In the study, plant height, spike length, number of spikes per square meter, tiller number, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, hectolitre weight, harvest index, protein amount and starch amount were examined. According to the study results; plant height varied between 93,30-104,70 cm, 2,25-3,35 pieces/plant, for tiller number 243,32-244,50 pieces for number of ears per square meter 9,19-9,71 cm for ear length, 48,10-48,47 grains for grain number per spike, 1,99-2,14 g for grain weight per spike, 646,33-655,79 kg/da for biological yield, 203,39-204,02 kg/da for grain yield, 5,78-42,96 g for thousand grain weight, 69,98-74,28 kg/100L for hectoliter weight31,43-32,18% foe harvest index, 9,86-11,66% for protein value, 70,93-76,39% for starch value and 22,73-33,24 ml for sedimentation value. In the study, the highest grain yield was obtained in the Tatlıcak variety, B0 (Control) x U3 (KF58B), and there were rules for this type of interactive lighting.