The role of conditional factors in the relationship between employees paternalistic leadership perceptions and its positive and negative consequences

The purpose of this study is to determine the paternalistic leadership perception of employees and its negative and positive consequences. In the research model developed based on the social exchange theory, emotional events theory, leader-member exchange theory, well-being theory while paternalistic leadership perception is the independent variable role, dependent variables are work engagement (WE) psychological ownership (PO) and social loafing (SL). Collective gratitude (CG) is the mediator and moderator variable in this model. In the literature, what studies about paternalistic leadership and collective gratitude are limited is the basic motivation of this study. So the original aspect of this work is the effort to fill this gap in the literature. In this context, the sample of the research is composed of 418 service sector workers who are reached by convenience sampling. To collect data, survey method was conducted. The findings show that CG partially mediated the PL-WE and PL- PO relations. Also, the moderating effect of CG on the PL-WE relationship is also significant, while this effect was not found significant on the relationship between PL and PO. The major findings, theoretical contributions, practical implications, and the limitations were provided.