The evaluation of the book of Aphorisms or The Secrets of Medicine of Abu Bakr Muhammad Al-Razi interpreted by Gerard of Cremona in the HİGHT of history of medicine

The Evaluation of the Book of Aphorisms or the Secrets of Medicine of Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Razi Interpreted by Gerard of Cremona in the Light of History of Medicine The aim of this thesis is Abu Bakr Muḥammad al-Razi's who was a distinguished physician-philosopher of Islamic civilization in the medieval era, Abubetri Rhazae Maomethi, ob usum experientiamque multiplicem, et ob certissimas ex demostrationibus logicis indicationes, ad omnes praeter naturam affectus, atque etiam propter remediorum uberrimam materiam, summi medici opera exquisitiora, quibus nihil utilius ad actus practicos extat, omnia enim penitus quae habet aut obscuriora, aut Galenus fusiora, fidellissime doctissimeque exponit, & in lucem profert called of his work which is situated in pages 517-546 Abubetri Rhazae Maomethi Scientia Peritiaque Insignis Medici in Libros Aphorismorum, sive Secretorum Medicinalium Gerardo Toletano Cremonensi Interprete (The Knowledge and Experience of the Distinguished Physician's in the Book of Aphorisms or the Secrets of Medicine of Abu Bakr Muhammad Razi Interpreted by Gerard Of Cremona From Toledo) translating the section titled from Western Medieval Latin into Turkish and to contribute to the Turkish medical history literature and to try to determine the place and importance of this book in the history of medicine. The work mentioned in the thesis was translated from Latin to Turkish based on the 1544 Basel edition and presented in the findings section. During the translation process, various dictionaries were applied and a dictionary was prepared to make sense of the words reflecting the medical terminology of the period in which the work was written. In addition, in the introduction part of the thesis, information about the history of translation and translation periods is given, and information about the schools and translators that stand out in the translation activity is presented. In the light of the information obtained, er-Razi's approaches to the diseases he mentioned, the symptoms of the disease, the healing methods, the prescriptions he applied, the case records and the principles of medical ethics were evaluated and examined by referring to many studies of his predecessors Hippocrates and Galenus and consisting of referenced ancient medicine books. A list of ancient medicine books referenced was prepared. Moreover, the discussion has been carried out by referring to er-Razi's own works and modern sources. As a result, translation activity takes place and develops through the interaction of cultures without discrimination of religion, language and race, it was concluded that Abu Bakr Muhammad b. Zekeriyya al-Razi accepted and continued the theoretical knowledge and practices of Hippocrates and Galenus of his predecessors, and that some of the theoretical knowledge and practices encountered overlap with the knowledge and practices in the works he wrote. However, he reflected the original clinical observation and specific situation in his work and also deals with ethical behavior. The fact that this work was published together with the works of er-Razi showed that the work had an effect in different geographies and different dates. Keywords: Islamic civilization, Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Razi, Aphorisms, Case Reports, History of Medicine.