Arabic literature references of Dante's Divine Comedy

One of the most important name in Italian Literature, Dante Aligheri was born in Florence in 1265. He made his name under favour of his famous piece Divine Comedy. In this piece, while Dante mentions his travels to afterlife land, he positions people whom he knows, to heaven and hell according to his believes and his values. At the same time, Divine Comedy having political treatise feature, with no doubt it is considered as unique and first of its kind in European Literature. Syrian Arabic philosopher Ebü'l-Alâ el-Maarrî was born in 973 who lived 290 years before famous Italian poet Dante Alighieri. He made his name with his unique piece Risâletü'l-gufran. Ebü'l-Alâ el-Maarrî wrote his piece as an answer to his coaeval İbnü'l-Kârih's letter in 1033. First chapther of his book made Ebü'l-Alâ el-Maarrî famous. In this chapter, he takes Ebü'l-Alâ takes İbnü'l-Kârih to an imaginary travelling. During this travel İbnü'l-Kârih visits heaven, hell and limbo and meets with lots of poets, literary men and famous people and has talks about several literatural and cultural things with these people. As like as Dante, Syrian philosepher positions people whom he knows, to heaven and hell according to his believes and his values. Besides being political tratise, it is fully equipped with writer's philosophy. Ebü'l-Alâ el-Maarrî claims that intellect is superior than transmittig. Muhyiddin İbnü'l Arabî is famous sufi, writer, poet and philosopher who was born in Murcia in 1165. Arabi's principal way is asceticism and he gave very important pieces both Arabic Literature and World Literature. In his pieces el Fütûḥâtü'l-Mekkiyye, el-İsrâ ilâ Makâmi'l-Esrâ, as same as Dante and Ebü'l-Alâ el Maarrî, he delineate heaven, hell and limbo. With no doubt, both Ebü'l-Alâ el-Maarrî and Muhyiddin İbnü'l Arabî wrote these pieces with being influenced by the Miraj which is in Islamic tradition. Surprisingly Risâletü'l-gufran, el-Fütûḥâtü'l-Mekkiyye, el-İsrâ ilâ Makâmi'l-Esrâ and Europe's unique and first of its kind Divine Comedy shares similarities with Miraj. The local literature which belongs to any geography interacts with factors of its around. As like as culture and civilisation interaction among themselves. Concepts like culture, literature and civilisations are not closed to exterrnal factors and stable phenomenons.The culture of geography, covers thıunsands of years before. Cultural heritage be added on to on and reaches its final version. Literature, like culture is always in the movement till it reaches its final version. The literature trends which lives till its evaluation time, thoughts, cultures and civilisations which are imteracted, philosophical trends carries scars of sociological situation. These interactions are not always from one side. On the other hand, interactions are inevitable nature law. Literature's that process is valid also for producers of literature, literary man, poets and writers too. Literary men effected by factors around theirselves and they effects their periphery. Despite the fact that Europe claims that Divine Comedy is unique, Alighieri dispose of lots of figures of which do not exist in his literature, culture and geography. These impressions which are on Divine Comedy might reach to Dante with several possibilities. About this issue, which we do not have any exact evidences, on our study we mentioned only for possibilities. This study, is for comparison of world literature's one of the most important piece with Risâletü'l-gufran, el-Fütûḥâtü'l-Mekkiyye, el-İsrâ ilâ Makâmi'l-Esrâ and Miraj in feature, content, subject and style. In our essay, factors which Dante effected by and his being effected ways are evaluated. Symbolic language whşch was used in Divine Comedy, tried to be explained with their messages. After that with objective approach, Dante's periphery factors are examined. These factors are Dante's living in geography, religious believes are compared with his groups and organizations and common points exposed. Lastly, it is compared with Arabic Literature and Islamic tradition references which claimed by us that effected with more than coincidencely. These surprising common points on subject, content, type and style exposed that Dante was effected mentioned pieces and writers. Additionally, in our essay information transmitting ways among writers who were living in different geographies is also examined. In information transmitting one of the most important ways is religious rituels, religious orders. When religious orders are examined by philosophic way, which we put very strong evidences that Dante was member of them; most of the thoughts and subjects reached to the Dante with these hidden religious orders. Islamic tradition, Arabic Literature and mentioned religious hidden orders common points are many philosophical trends. These religious hidden orders are the most possible ways for Dante's reaching to information. On our essay all of these pointed evaluated with details.