Design of single grain seeder that can seed with variable rate

The purpose of this research is to design a new single grain seeder that can seed with variable rate. Yield can be further increased by the use of single grain seeder with variable rate. In the project, the use of pneumatic single grain seeder with variable rate cultivation were used with the intention of using less grain to get yield increase and dissemination of this method instead of the constant rate cultivation system. In the design vertical disc of seeder of single grain seeder get rotation movement from servo motor that will be assembled on machine inspite of existent tractor's wheel. Thus machine's seeder vertical disc in case of necessity can be rotated independent from tractor's going speed. In this study areas were seperated in different zones attending to in advance prepared field simulated yield map. Seeder machine position were assessed in the field with software that were prepared and seeder vertical disc of seeder machine were rotated with variable rate by servo motor in different zones to implement to variable rate cultivation in different cultivation norm. According to prepared simulated yield map, how much grain is needed for which zone (required suitable cultivation norm on the zone) was determinated so that the seeder system's speed of rotation was determinated. Tractor's position and speed datas were transfered to interface by GPS which is on the seeder and according to these datas seeder rotate speed was changed automaticly. After manufaturing of the machine the tests were done. The tests were done at two steps as laboratory and field. In the laboratuvary tests seeder machine's performance determinated. In the laboratuvary three kinds of seeds as corn, sunflower and cotton seed were tested. For each seed were tested when the machine on straight, %5 right, %5 left, %10 right and %10 left gradients ,1 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 2 m/s going speed and also diffirent seed spacing on 3 times. The machine's different rotation speed of seeder system row grain distribution uniformity were tested in laboratory environment. And also on transition area where the servo motors were located response duration and distribution uniformity deviation were examined. The distance between thrown grain were measured; nominal planting distance and the deviation of these were established, acceptable grain distance % rate were determinated with the aim of establishing the row grain distribution uniformity trials on sticky belt. Thus the seeder machine performance of grain distribution uniformity were exposed. In the laboratory tests, seed distribution uniformity evaluation were concluded good and very good. In the field test corn seed were used. The field was become suitable form , and then the seeding was conducted. Firstly the simulated yield map was prepared. According to this yield map 3 different kind of seed spacing determinated and also GPS and software adjustments were prepared. Soil temperature, soil sinking resistance, soil structure, soil moisture, drawbar strength, draw force, shaft power, skid, field output degree, sowing depth uniformity, plant distribution uniformity were determinated. In the field tests, the plant distribution uniformity evaluation were concluded good and very good. Consequently, prototype were manufactured by using the precision agriculture technology with designing proper variable rate seed on the project. For that purpose , seeder system were rotated with servo motor which was placed on the machine instead of wheel, according to speed and posision of tractor seeder system axel rotation speed were changed, therefore pneumatic single grain seeder with variable rate were designed. Considering the standarts used in seeder performance tests, manufatured prototype seeder both in the laboratory tests and field tests provides the quality and plant output, results which are good and very good degree.