Mechanical problems encountered in modeling the conversion of sea-wave energy

Wave energy conversion systems have been the subject of extensive research, particularly focusing on reducing mechanical complexity and minimizing maintenance costs. In this regard, systems based on linear generators have gained prominence due to their simpler structures and reduced need for servicing. This study introduces an energy conversion system designed to operate efficiently under low-frequency wave conditions, with a structurally optimized configuration. The system comprises three main components: a buoy, a rotor, and a stator. The buoy's geometric dimensions were selected to ensure resonance with the natural frequencies of ocean waves, aiming to maximize energy output. The model was developed using wave and seawater density parameters characteristic of the Turkish coastal regions. The structural design was created in SolidWorks as a three-dimensional model, and the system's dynamic behavior was represented by differential equations. These equations were analyzed through numerical simulations conducted in MATLAB. Simulation results with various buoy sizes demonstrated that the motion capabilities and power output of the system are highly sensitive to wave characteristics. Furthermore, system performance was significantly affected by parameters such as the number of coil windings and the electromagnetic force coefficient. The role of control systems in enhancing performance was also examined. Overall, the study shows that linear generator-based systems, when properly optimized according to regional conditions, hold significant promise for sustainable wave energy harvesting.