Determination of bioactivities of Thesium aureum Jaub.&Spach species and elucidation of its phytochemical contenet by LC-MS/MS

Human beings have been using natural herbal materials for various purposes, such as treating various diseases, since time immemorial. Medicinal plants are a vital source of modern and traditional drugs, pharmaceutical intermediates, nutrients, nutritional supplements and herbal medicines. Plants produce many different molecules that act on targeted constituents in the complicated cellular pathways by interacting separately or synergistically. Conducting scientific research on plants in terms of biological activity and identifying plant compounds is among the the most active research fields world wide, out of belief in the importance of plants in discovering new and safer treatments. Since it was important to investigate the phytoconstituents potentially accountable for the biological impacts, we have benefited from the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry apparatus for examining the ethanolic extract's chemical composition of the Thesium aureum species (mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids). The component with the greatest concentration in the ethanolic extract of the pieces of Thesium aureum has been identified as quinic acid (199 mg analyte/kg extract). Also we determined the presence of naringenin (3 mg analyte/kg extract), luteolin (9 mg analyte/kg extract), apigenin (3 mg analyte/kg extract), chrysin (5 mg analyte/kg extract), acacetin (37 mg analyte/kg extract), isoquercitrin (9 mg analyte/kg extract), and hesperidin (49 mg analyte/kg extract). We also studied the efficacy of the Thesium aureum species' ethanolic extract by conducting bioactivity tests related to the inhibition of the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Also we assessed the antihyperglycemic effectiveness of the Thesium aureum species' ethanolic extract by evaluate the potential inhibitory impact on enzymes that break down carbohydrates, including α-glucosidase and also α-amylase. The biological activity was also assessed by using different tests for antioxidants capacity, such as the activity for scavenging free radicals utilizing the ABTS and also DPPH assays, metal chelation test, iron and copper reduction potency methods (FRAP and CUPRAC), as well as the total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum). We have conducted several methods to test antioxidant effectiveness because one test was not enough. The analytical techniques were carried out using the spectrophotometric concept.