Evaluation of diabetes education provided to patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and investigation of its effect on diabetes self-management

Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent and increasingly common chronic health condition both in Turkey and worldwide, posing a significant threat to public health. The success of diabetes treatment and the reduction of its complications largely depend on the diabetic individual's ability to manage their own condition. Achieving this requires the provision of comprehensive diabetes self-management education and support. This study aimed to evaluate the content of Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) provided to individuals diagnosed with diabetes, from the patients' perspective, and to investigate its relationship with diabetes-related outcomes. This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2024 and December 2024. A total of 171 patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who had previously received diabetes education were included. All participants completed the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale, the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and the Diabetes Patient Education Evaluation Questionnaire. Based on their HbA1c values, participants were categorized into two groups: those with controlled and those with uncontrolled diabetes. No statistically significant relationship was found between scale scores and glycemic control (p > 0.05). In the current study population, diabetes self-efficacy levels were found to be moderate to moderately low. The education provided to the participants was generally considered beneficial, particularly in the domains of general knowledge, treatment, nutrition, and physical activity. A positive and statistically significant relationship was observed between patient education and diabetes self-efficacy. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that diabetes education is a holistic process, and any missing components must be reviewed collaboratively with the patient. It is essential that educators address and meet the specific needs of the patient.