Determination of the optimum sowing times on durum wheat(Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) in Diyarbakir conditions

This study was carried out in 2017-2018 production season in rainfed (dry) conditions in the experimental area of Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture in Diyarbakır ecological conditions. The experiment was established with randomized block design with 3 replications. 5 different durum wheat genotypes were used as material and 6 different sowing times (1-20 October, 10-30 November, 20 December and 10 January) were applied. The characteristics of the experiment ranged between as plant heights 86.83-66.32 cm, spike lenght 6.01-5.2 cm, spikelet number per spike 17.15-14.77, grain number per spikes 33.33-22.8, grain weight per spike 1.63-1.17 g, thousand grain weight 46.84-43.64 g, grain yield 547.84 -304.28 kg/da, hectoliter weight 75.30-80.14 kg, protein ratio % 13.41-16.79, wet gluten % 31.58-39.13. Significant differences were observed between genotypes in terms of the characteristics examined. The highest value in terms of grain yield was determined at the time of sowing III in Sena cultivar (657.50 kg), but the lowest value in the first sowing time of Sena (281.81) cultivar. The highest value in terms of thousand grain weight at the time of III in Svevo (52.29 kg) cultivar, while Zühre (38.29 kg) was the lowest at the time of first sowing. It is observed that Sena variety and III. sowing time is in advanced in terms of grain yield according to the genotype averages. As the sowing date was delayed, the yield and yield components decreased. It is seen that the date of November 10 may be suitable for the sowing time of wheat in the region.