Examination of DNA data digitization techniques and application to genomic study areas

Analogous DNA sequences need to be digitized for genomic signal processing applications. These digital mapping techniques greatly affect the system's performance in achieving the intended goal in genomic studies. The thesis has two main aims. The first of these is to provide a detailed examination of the digital mapping techniques used in the digitization of DNA sequences in bioinformatics, which have gained popularity in recent years, and to analyze how these digital mapping techniques affect the performance in applications related to protein-coding regions. For this purpose, in the studies carried out in the last 10 years, 50 digital coding techniques presented in the literature were examined, the numerical representations of these techniques were given in a sample DNA sequence, and the advantages and disadvantages of each coding technique were determined. The study carried out toward the first aim of the thesis guides researchers in selecting DNA digitization techniques for future genomic signal processing applications. The second aim is to develop a new protein-coding region detection application to realize the improvements needed in the detection of short ekzon regions with low base numbers. It has been concluded that the developed hybrid model significantly surpasses the highest success achieved so far in detecting short ekzon regions where low success was achieved with other coding techniques.