Natural and activated clay minerals (Karababa/Malatya), on some dyeing materials isotherm, kinetic and adsorption thermodynamic analysis

The aim of this study is to use Karababa/Malatya natural clay for the first time to keep water pollution on the clay and thus prevent groundwater pollution. In this research, which was conducted for the first time in terms of the clay used, solutions of dyestuffs (Crystal violet, Methylene blue, Saffron Q) were taken at eight different concentrations and were heated to five different temperatures of 298 K, 303 K, 308 K, 313 K, 318 K, respectively. By adding 1 gram of Karababa/Malatya natural clay per liter to the solution, the adsorption of dyestuffs after a certain period of time was measured at different wavelengths on a calibrated UV Spectrometer device. Sodium Carbonate was used to activate natural clay. As a result of the research, 80 ppm calculated on natural adsorbent, 500 ml, 66.83% adsorption on natural clay at 303 K in crystal violet solution, 98.6% adsorption on activated clay, and 61.87% adsorption on natural clay at 308 K in the same concentration of methylene blue solution. It had 92.18% adsorption, 62.72% adsorption in natural clay and 92.8% adsorption in activated clay in Safran Q solution at 318 K. In the calculated Thermodynamic parameters, the ΔG free Gibbs energy value was negative for all three dyestuffs. For this reason, the adsorption of Crystal Violet, Methylene Blue and Saffron Q dyes on natural and active clay is spontaneous and voluntary. BET (Brunauer Emmett Teller) surface analysis of Karababa/Malatya natural and Karababa/Malatya active clays was performed, and the specific surface area for natural clay was found to be 52.6838 m²/g. This value was found to be 71.m²/g for activated clay. In the isotherm calculations, it was determined that Crystal Violet and Safran Q dyestuffs fit better to the Freundlich isotherm in Karababa/Malatya natural clay adsorption and to the Langmuir isotherm when active clay is used, and for Methylene Blue, they fit better to the Langmuir isotherm in both Karababa/Malatya natural and active clay adsorption. was done. In kinetic calculations, it was revealed that the adsorption of all three dyes on Karababa/Malatya natural and active clays fit better into the pseudo-2nd order kinetic model. As a result, Karababa/Malatya can be used to purify dyestuffs in wastewater to prevent water pollution for sustainable clean water resources and the environment. Keywords: Adsorption, Crystal violet, Environment, Gibbs free energy, Kinetics, Methylene blue, Saffron Q