The detection of virus diseases of pepper in the East Mediterranean region and determination of the reaction of Karaisali pepper population against the most common virus and some resistance genes

In this study, survey studies was carried out in order to detect the virus diseases and characterize for pepper varieties grown in open fields in Adana, Mersin, Hatay, Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye provinces between the years of 2014 and 2017. It was determined that collected pepper samples infected with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacco etch virus (TEV), Potato Y virus (PVY), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV) and Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), using a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques. When the determined single and mixed infections are evaluated together, PVY (30.1%) in Adana province, PVY and CMV (28.5%) in Hatay province, CMV (43.1%) in Kahramanmaras province, CMV (23.7%) in Mersin province and CMV (47.6%) in Osmaniye province were found widely. The losses in yields and the quality of the fruit quality criteria caused by TEV disease were determined for the 3 pure lines (K7, K25, K34) of Karaisali pepper population. The highest average losses for total yield and paste production were in the K7 line (77.5%) and K34 line (33.6%), respectively. The presence of resistance genes for TSWV, PVY and PMMoV in a total of 40 different pure lines of the Karaisali pepper population was investigated by Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). While the lines examined were susceptible to TSWV and PVY, it was found that 12 lines were found to be resistant and 28 lines to be susceptible to PMMoV disease.