Analysis of Russian identity construction in textbooks taught in Russia from the October Revolution to the present days

Louis Althusser's Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA) describe the state's influence on the identity construction process by using its ideological power. Althusser listed ISA as education, religion, culture and communication areas. This study will address Althusser's most important area of education within ISA. With these apparatuses, an analysis of Russian identity construction will be made in textbooks taught in Russia from the October Revolution to the present. In the study, the Russian/Soviet identity construction process in books taught in History, Russian Language, Literature and Geography courses in the USSR and the Russian Federation was analyzed. The analysis process is divided into two as the USSR period and the Russian Federation period. When considering the USSR period, Soviet identity construction is analyzed, and when considering the Russian Federation, Russian identity construction is analyzed. The analysis process is divided into two as the USSR period and the Russian Federation period. The main question of the study is to what extent the youth construction of the USSR period was influenced by the ideologies of Communism and Marxism, and whether a universal Russian identity was constructed rather than an ideology in the post-independence Russian Federation period. In line with these questions, textbooks were mainly examined and primary sources were used in the research. The data obtained as a result of the research were analyzed in connection with the theoretical framework of the study and the hypothesis of the study was confirmed.