Design of working equipment for excavators

'(6ø*12):25.ø1*(48ø30(17)25(;&$9$7256Övün Vedat OYMANMechanical Engineering, M.S ThesisExcavator is a construction machine that its working system is based on hydraulic andmechanic foundation. Basicly, an excavator comprises three parts called lower structure,upper structure and work equipment. The work equipment is used for performing mainfunctions of an excavator such as digging and loading etc. It consists of a boom, an arm, abucket and three hydraulic cylinders controlled by the operator to put the boom, the arm andthe bucket in a proper position. In addition to, pins are used to make a connection betweenthose main parts and to operate them properly.The working equipment is the most affected part of an excavator by reactive forces because ofthe operation conditions. As a result, force analysis is a vital part of design of the workequipment. The force analysis starts with calculation of a reactive force that affects a bucket.Then force diagrams of every component are drawn to see stress conditions. Strength of everycomponent is controlled regarding to their stress conditions. Finally, every component isshaped into their ultimate forms.The thesis begins with the explanation of structure and hydraulic system of an excavator.Then it is focused on components and the force analysis. It ends with a study of an examplesystem. Mechanical drawings of every component are attached to the end of the thesis.Keywords: Excavator, construction machine, hydraulic, force analysis, boomJURY:1.Doç. Dr. FHUKDW'ø.0(N (Supervisor) Date:22.12.2005<'Ro'U0XKDUUHP(UGHP%2ö2d/8 Page:823.Prof. Dr. Ahmet Dursun ALKAN