A review of electric vehicles

Nowadays with the population growth, utilization of public transport and individual vehicles in transportation network is increasing rapidly. Concordantly the usage of fossil fuel rates is going up. Fossil fuels are not only used in transportation sector in the same breath they are intensely used in energy production, buildings and industry sector. Effectively use of these resources cause harmful gases. Besides, adopted sustainable energy policy is obstructed by the reason of these resources' exhaustable nature. More recently electric vehicles (EV) come into prominence in order to preclude such concerns of conventional internal combustion engines (ICE). In order for environmentally friendly EVs to be able to replace vehicles which has ICE, researches are focused on maximising the range of batteries, optimizing the charging times and minimizing the negative effects on system. The relationship between EVs and smart grids, battery types and charging stations are examined. In this study present metrobus system, which locates in Istanbul, is replaced with electric buses and charging stations and this replacement scenario is analyzed by the factor of CAPEX, OPEX and TCO.