Effects of season and different breeding methods on the qualities of the caucasus (apis mellifera caucasia) and anatolian (apis mellifera anatoliaca) breed queen bees (larva transfer, leave without a mother) in Erzincan province

The Effects Of Different Breeding Methods (Transfering Of Larva, To Leave Queenless) And Seasons On The Quality Of Caucasion (Apis Mellifera Caucasia) And Anatolian (Apis Mellifera Anatoliaca) Queen Bees In Erzincan Province The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of quenless and larva transfer methods on the quality of Caucasian and Anatolian queen bees in Erzincan in spring, summer and autumn seasons. For this purpose, 10 colonies of Caucasian bees (Apis mellifera caucasia) and 10 colonies of Anatolian bees (Apis mellifera anatoliaca) were used as animal material. In this study, 175 queen bees were produced to evaluate the queen bees in terms of quality criteria. The experiment was conducted 2022 in three different seasons: spring (April-May), summer (June-July) and autumn (September-October). In the study, the groups were formed as Caucasian race-Quenless transfer, Caucasian race-Larva transfer, Anatolian race-Quenless transfer, Anatolian race-Larva transfer, respectively for each season. The effects of the season on the queen bee quality criteria on hatching yield, hatching weight, pre-laying period, mating rate, egg-laying weight, spermatheca diameter and volume and spermatozoon number were found to be significant (p<0.01). It was determined that the most suitable season for queen bee production was spring, while the effect of the method on the queen bee hatching efficiency and mating rate was significant (p<0.01), it was insignificant in terms of other quality criteria (P>0.05). It has been concluded that the most suitable method for the queen bee's hatching efficiency and mating rate is the larva transfer method. Furthermore, while the effect of race on the output yield was found to be significant (p<0.01), the effect of race was found to be insignificant in terms of other quality criteria (p<0.01). It has been determined that the most suitable bee race for the queen bee's output is the Caucasian race. As a result, it has been concluded that the breeding method and breed are not effective on the quality of queen bees, and that the best quality queen production can be done in the spring season. Keywords: Queen bee quality, Race, Season, Method, Erzincan Province