Determination of the effect of different atmosphere conditions on bioactive components in citrus juices of different varieties

In this study, effects of various gas atmosphere (O2, CO2 and N2) and holding times (15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) on changing of bioactive compounds (limonin, nomilin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, naringin, chlorogenic acid, ascorbic acid and carotenoid) after extraction were investigated in 3 different orange varieties (Washington Navel, Valencia and Kozan Yerli) and Sour Orange. For that purpose, the changes on bioactive compounds before and after processing were revealed. At the end of study, when all gas atmospheres were evaluated together, the effects of different atmospheric conditions on pH, titratable acidity, L *, C*, ascorbic acid, chlorogenic acid, naringin, neohesperidine, limonin contents were insignificant, whereas the effects of different atmospheric conditions on a*, b*, Hue*, ∆E values and total carotenoid, total phenolic, hesperidin, naringin contents were found significant. It was determined that N2 gas had a protective effect on total carotenoid content of Washington Navel, Kozan Yerli, Sour Orange and total phenolic content of generally all citrus varieties. The highest content of ascorbic acid was detected at the samples under CO2 gas.Regardless of the variation, it was found that the gas that made the least change on the ∆E value of the gases applied was N2. of varieties, the least effective gas on ∆E values of the samples was N2. The bitter constituents of naringin, limonin, nomilin and neohesperidin were found mostly in Turunç samples, while at least Kozan Yerli varieties were found.