Investigation of morphological and physiological selection parameters associated with translocation capacity of bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) varieties improved in different periods

This study was carried out to investigate the translocation capacity and the morphological and physiological characteristics that affect it in bread wheat varieties improved in different periods (before 1990-Bezostaja-I, Kırkpınar-79, Kate A1; between 1990-2000-Pehlivan, Prostor, Momtchill; after 2000-Esperia, Rumeli, NKU Lider). The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates during the 2019-2020 growing season. In the study, plant height, spike length, spikelet number per spike, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand-grain weight, test weight, grain yield, days to heading, flag leaf area, stay-green of flag leaf, canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, relative water content, number of stomata, stomata width and length, stomatal conductance, translocation capacity, translocation amount and rate of grain weight reduction of bread wheat varieties were investigated. It can be said that I. period varieties in terms of plant height, spike length, number of stomata, stomatal width and translocation capacity; II. period varieties in terms of thousand grain weight, canopy temperature and rate of grain weight reduction; III. period varieties in terms of spikelet number per spike, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, grain yield, flag leaf area, stay-green of flag leaf, chlorophyll content, relative water content, stomata length, stomatal conductance and translocation amount have higher values, and all periods are similar in terms of days to heading and test weight. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., breeding periods, translocation, morphological and physiological characteristics