Agronomic evaluation of sunflower hybrids developed by crosses using different cytoplasmic male sterile and restorer lines

The aim of this study was to determine superior oil type sunflower test hybids which were developed by hybridization sitoplasmic sterile (CMS) female lines and restorer male lines in 2019 under regional field conditions and to select superior CMS and restorer lines to breed new hybrids. In this study, 142 test hybrids developed by crossing between CMS female lines and restorer male lines in 2019 and 6 control cultivars (P64LE119, P64LC108, P64LP130, P63LE113, LG5582 ve Roseta) which have the largest production areas in Thrace Region were used seed materal. The experiment was conducted according to Augmented Design with four replication to determine seed yield components and seed oil contents of genotypes at Research and Experimental Area of Field Crops, Agricultural Faculty, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. In this study, heterosis and heterobeltiosis values of sitoplasmic sterile (CMS) female and restorer male lines were also calculated for some yield components using by their hybrid performances. In addition, some morphological characters such as leaf shape, pubescents, head shape and head slope, and resistance to mildew disease of hybrids and lines were observed. According to variance analysis results, statistically significant differences for genotypes were found in plant height, head diameter, stem diameter, days number from sowing to beginning of flowering, days number from sowing to 50% flowering time, 1000 seeds weight, seed oil content, self fertilization ratio, seed yield and oil yield. Seed yield per decare of hybrids and control cultivars was ranged between 4.47 and 893.30 kg. Seed oil content of this gontypes was obtained between 27.93 and 50.42 %. According to results, 10 test hybrids were determinated for their superior performances than controls. In line with the results; sitoplasmic sterile (CMS) female lines and restorer male lines were selected using their heterosis and heterobeltiosis values calculated from hybrid performances to develop new superior hybrids having higher yield and resistance mildew in Thrace Region.