The effects of essential oils obtained from two differentsatureja hortensis genotypes harvested at different times on thegermination of weed seeds

The allelopathic properties of essential oils appear in different ways. The most important of these is that it inhibits the germination of plant seeds. The Satureja hortensis plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family is rich in essential oil. In the study, essential oils at different doses (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 μl/petri) obtained from different cutting periods (beginning of blooming, mid-blooming and end of blooming) of 2 genotypes of Satureja hortensis L. were used. In this study, the effects of these obtained essential oils on the germination of giant amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri L.), wild oat (Avena fatua L.), purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) seeds from weeds and cress (Lepidium sativum L.), durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds from crops were investigated. In the experiment, the highest negative effect of essential oil doses on germination was determined as 2 μl/petri in A. palmeri and P. oleracea seeds, 4 μl/petri in A. fatua seeds and 8 μl/petri in S. arvensis. In the effects of essential oil doses, the highest LD50 values on A. palmeri, P. oleracea, A. fatua and S. arvensis seeds were determined as 0.159, respectively, while the highest LD90 values were determined as 0.547, respectively. It was determined that the doses of essential oil had negative effects on germination depending on the dose increase in cultivated plants and weed seeds. KEYWORDS: Satureja hortensis, bio- oil, crops, weed seeds