Investigation of apoptotic and oxidative mechanisms in liver and kidney tissues of sheep with fluorosis

This thesis was planned to determine the molecular basis and causes of damage to kidney and liver which are the most affected tissues in sheep exposed to chronic fluoridethroughout apoptotic and oxidative pathways.For this purpose, liver and kidney tissues were obtained from sheep in the age range of 4-6 years diagNOSed as fluorosisclinically.The control group was consisted of clinically healthy sheep without fluorosis.Apoptotic and oxidative gene expression of target genes was determined by real qRT-PCR method.According to the 2-ΔCtresults of the apoptotic genes, it was found that the levels of caspase 3 and Bak in the liver tissue decreased (p≤0.05) and increased caspase-9 values (p≤0.05) in the fluorosis group, however, there was a significant increase in the caspase 3 values in the renal tissue group, and all genes except caspase 9 and Bak decreased statistically significantly.According to the control gene (GAPDH) was detected thatin the liver, the apoptotic genes caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bim increased, caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bak decreased, while in the kidney increased caspase-3, and Bax, caspase-8, Bcl-2, Bcl2l-1, Bim and Bak showed a decrease.According to the 2-ΔCt values of oxidative stress genes, it was determined that CYGBc, GST1 and NCF genes increased significantly in fluorosis group and GPx1, SOD1 and SOD2 genes decreased significantly.In kidney tissue; CYGBc and GPx1 increased in fluorosis group, while SOD1, SOD2, GST1, NCF and CCS and NOS2 were found to decrease significantly.As a result; It was shown that apoptosis and oxidative mechanisms are activated in liver and kidney tissues of sheep with fluorosis andthese parameters have an important role in understanding the molecular basis of tissue damage in fluorosis disease.