Preoperative evaluation of the effect of functional and nonfunctional pituitary macro and giant adenomas on visual field by size and histopathological type

Purpose: pituitary adneomas are usually presented with visual deficits. Endoscopic endonsal transsfenoidal surgery can improve visual deficits and acuity.the aim of this study is to shoe the efficacy of the surgery and find the factors that influces the results. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three patients with visual impairment, macro and giant pituitary adenomas were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, tumor characteristics, surgery rate, pathology result, presence of diabetes, preoperative medical treatment, MD, PSD and LogMAR values of the patients were examined preoperatively. Comparisons were made with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Preoperative visual acuity values greater than postoperative visual acuity values were defined as significant. Results: Thirty (56.6%) of 53 patients were male and 23 (43.4%) were female. The mean age at diagnosis was 47.8 ±12.5 years. The preoperative MD, PDS and LogMAR values of the patients were higher than the postoperative period (p <0.001). For recovery time, less than 3 months and above were evaluated. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the only factor prolonging the recovery time (p=0.048, p <0.05) Conclusions: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is a method that improves visual functions in patients with pituitary adenoma whose visual functions are affected. The degree of recovery is affected by the procedure, the patient, and the tumor character. Complete recovery occurs in less than half of the patients. Factors affecting recovery should be investigated in these patients. Keywords: Pituitary adenoma, Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery, Visual outcome