Analysis of thermal comfort conditions of temporary shelter units based on the layout diagram

Disasters suddenly disrupt the natural flow of human life, causing numerous material and emotional losses. The devastating effects of disasters are most evident in shelters. While the most basic need of disaster victims is met in temporary shelter units used in the post-disaster period, many other needs are overlooked. One of the most important of these needs is meeting the thermal comfort needs of disaster victims during their stay in temporary shelter units, which range from six months to three years. For disaster victims, the devastating consequences of disasters lead to the search for individual solutions to the harsh winter cold and sweltering summer heat. Currently, existing temporary shelter units are placed side by side within a set of standards to form a temporary settlement area. The fundamental principle of this formation is generally to fit as many temporary shelter units as possible within a designated area. This disregard for climatic conditions leads to the development of thermally uncomfortable living spaces. Despite numerous guidelines for making temporary settlements climate-sensitive, both globally and in our country, this call remains unanswered in the field. There are numerous studies in the literature on ensuring thermal comfort in temporary shelter units. However, the majority of these studies focus on a single shelter volume. Therefore, no studies have been found in the literature on the relationship between ensuring thermal comfort in temporary shelter units and the layout scheme within which they are located. In this thesis, the provision of thermal comfort in temporary shelter units was numerically analyzed using the currently implemented layout scheme and the proposed layout schemes. Numerical analyses were conducted using Ansys Fluent R1. The resulting simulation outputs were used to calculate the PMV and PPD thermal comfort indices. The proposed layout schemes and the active use of all openings in the temporary shelter unit for ventilation were found to provide thermal improvements. Compared to the standard layout (5.40 PMV and 100% PPD), the developed scenarios (3.50 PMV and 100% PPD) achieved a 35.18% thermal improvement. However, the thermal comfort level remained unchanged. Simulation data revealed that the proposed layout schemes were insufficient to improve indoor thermal comfort in temporary housing units, but that thermal comfort levels could be increased through the development of passive methods.