The role of serum trimethylamine N-oxide and lipopolysaccharide levels in the pathogenesis of the disease in patients with chronic gastritis infected with H. pylori

This study investigates the relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in patients with chronic gastritis infected with Helicobacter pylori. H. pylori infection is a globally prevalent condition associated with various gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. It is well-known that this infection triggers an inflammatory response affecting the gastrointestinal system. TMAO is a metabolite linked to lipid metabolism in the gut microbiota and has gained attention for its adverse effects, particularly on cardiovascular diseases. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), components of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, can stimulate inflammatory responses. Although the effects of TMAO and LPS on systemic inflammation and immune responses have been widely studied, the relationship between these two molecules in H. pylori-infected patients remains unclear. In this study, serum TMAO and LPS levels were measured in H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis patients, and the relationship between these two biomolecules was analyzed. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the interactions between H. pylori infection and inflammatory processes. The results suggest that TMAO and LPS may play a potential role in the inflammatory pathways triggered by H. pylori infection.