Development of control strategy in the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

With the acceleration of the development process of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, it has become very important to maximize the energy stored in the vehicle and to use the vehicle with high efficiency. The fuel cell in a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle alone is not sufficient in sudden and high power demands. To solve this problem, the fuel cell, the battery with high energy density and the supercapacitor with high power density are used to supply the vehicle's extra power and energy demands. In this study, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was used as the primary energy source, and also lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor were used as the energy storage technology. These technologies are connected to DC-bus with DC/DC power converters to provide the power needed by the vehicle's traction motor. Thus, the system performance of the vehicle has been examined independently of the power grid. Here, a well-designed control strategy was developed with an appropriate energy management system, which increased both efficiency and vehicle dynamics. The results have been analyzed in terms of the sustainability of hydrogen fuel consumption, energy efficiency and control systems.