Evaluation the role of urinary KIM-1, NGAL and IL-18 levels in determining the early renal injury in cases of Hypercalciuria and / or renal calculi in pediatric patients.

To determine of renal dysfunction and renal tubular injury earlier, urinary enzymes and protein be able to measured. The major of these enzyme and proteins are Glutation S-transferase, glutamyl transferase, atrial natriuretik peptide, laktat dehidrogenase, N-acetyl -D-glucosaminidase (NAG), fructose-1,6-biphosphotase, Ala-(Leu-Gly)-aminopeptidase, urinary low molecular weight proteins (alfa-1 ve beta-2 microglobulin, retinol-binding protein, cystatin C) NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), İL-18 (Interleukin 18), KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1) subsequently. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of urinary KIM-1, NGAL and IL-18 levels in determining of early renal injury in cases of hypercalciuria and / or nephrolithiasis in pediatric patients and to compare with that of healthy subjects. Urine NGAL, KIM- 1, IL- 18 levels were measured in 63 child patients diagnosed with nephrolithiasis(NL) and/or hypercalciuria(HC) and in 20 healthy controls. Significant difference was found for urinary NGAL/cr (p<0.001), between NL patients and healthy children. No significant differences were found in comparison with each other between patient and control groups for urinary IL18/cr and KIM1/cr levels. No significant difference was observed in terms of the high calcium excretion in HC group and presence of hypercalciuria in NL group for these early renal tubular injury biomarkers. We found that urinary KIM 1 and İL-18 measurements were not useful for analyzing renal tubular damage in nephrolitiasis and hypercalciuria. We found that urine NGAL, is a useful parameter to monitor the early proximal tubule damage. To our knowledge significantly increased urinary NGAL levels in nephrolitihiasis and hypercalciuria have been observed for the first time in the literature.