State in the political philosophies of İbn Khaldun and Thomas Hobbes

Ibn Khaldun builds his philosophies upon society. By ilm-i Umran and nervousness concepts, he makes all kinds of events and institutions that revealed by social life and its organization a subject of study. One of these results is the state. Ibn Khaldun does not examine the state by separating it from the society. By an organismic approach, Ibn Khaldun who states that the states have a limited life just as human being was founded his understanding of the state basically on the nervousness doctrine. On the other hand, by a utilitarian approach Thomas Hobbes has attributed the emerging of the state as an artificial institution that created by human to individuals. Starting from human nature to social contract and from there to the absolute power Hobes tries to explain the understanding of the state in the direction of individuals' needs and demands for safety and peace. Key words: Nervousness, Umran, Nature Condition, Social Contract, State