Formability of IF steels by deep drawing and analysis by finite element method

IF steels have found an increasing range of applications from the late 1960s to the present day. The main reasons for the preference of IF steels include their ability to maintain the same mechanical properties while increasing lightweight characteristics and the advantage of easy formability, which reduces the manufacturing process. The growing demand has led to an increase in research and academic studies in this field. However, so far, no study has been conducted comparing all types of IF steels that have been established in the literature. This study aims to compare the mechanical properties of Ultra-Low Carbon (ULC) steels, Extra Deep Draw Quality (EDDQ) steels, Bake Hardenable (BH) steels, High-Strength (IF-HS) steels, and Phosphorous steels, which are referred to in the literature as different alloy-containing IF steel types with wide usage in the automotive industry and white goods manufacturing. The study will examine these properties experimentally and using the finite element method, and will compare the value of the Lankford coefficient (r), which determines the deep drawing ability. The sheets, which are formed in the deep drawing mold experimentally, will be examined through microstructure analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, they will be simulated using the finite element method in the Simufact Forming program, and the similarities between the actual results and the simulation results will be evaluated. Thus, this comprehensive comparison of IF steels will demonstrate that simulation is a valuable platform for optimizing production processes.