Moral and politic thinking in Islam philosophy -A research centered on Maverdi-

Ebu'l-Hasan Ali b. Muhammed b. Habib el-Basri el-Mâverdî (M.974, H.364), a master of fiqh in Islam and an influential political character of his age, lived in the 11th century and not only his ideas on morality and politics but also on how the relationship between politics and morality should be are worth being analysed. Mâverdî is a scholiast, a man of letters, of politics and of law. Imam Al-Ghazzali, known as a Shafi'i scholar, tried to find solutions for the problems arising in his age by producing new ideas. While stating his own ideas, Mâverdî generally explained the fiqh-related views of the four schools of jurisprudence objectively and he accepted the views Shafi'i on conflictual subjects. Mâverdî, despite not being able to put his ideas and thoughts into practice while still alive, has been greatly analysed in later eras in respect of the relation between religion and politics and morality and politics, securing a significant position in the history of political ideology and shedding light to it. Today, Mâverdî is still alive thanks to his political and moral ideas and he is a master of fiqh, he is the one who laid the foundations of Islamic political idea in written form and who put forward the Islamic political ideology. This study focuses on the sense of morality and politics of Mâverdî, who is an important character of his age with regard to the history of Islamic political ideology, who influenced the sense of rule of the Seljukians with his ideas and who reflects the social, cultural and political accumulation of his age. Focusing mainly on "Ahkamü-s- Sultaniyye," which considerably shows the political sense of Mâverdî, and "Edebü'd-Dünya," which reflects his views on morality, we tried to analyse all works of Mâverdî. While doing this, Mâverdî's views on morality and politics has been explained in the light of his ideas on the aim of existence of the state, what an effective government is like, what basic characteristics the head of the state must have, the purpose of morality, his ideas on morality and his moral views. Keywords: Mâverdî, morality, politics, philosophy, islamic philosophy