Provisions specific to relatives in Islamic law

Kinship bonds lead to the formation of close relationships and the emergence of certain responsibilities among individuals. In Islamic law, kinship bonds are established through blood, marriage, and breastfeeding. These kinship relationships give rise to various legal rulings. Among these rulings, there are many rights and obligations that concern relatives. Some of these rulings are original to relatives, while others may vary depending on the relatives involved. In Islamic law, in terms of worship and transactions, special provisions regarding issues such as zakat, fitr alms, funeral, pilgrimage, alimony, and charity, as well as donations, inheritance, privacy, guardianship, and witnessing concern relatives. Additionally, topics such as maintaining family ties (silat ar-rahim), privacy, guardianship, and testimony emphasize the social aspect of kinship relationships. Crimes involving relatives and the punishments for these crimes are addressed under the category of penalties (uqūbāt). These rulings are designed to enhance social solidarity, foster love and respect among individuals, and reflect the principles of justice and mercy in Islam. The rulings related to kinship in Islamic law play a significant role in ensuring both individual and social peace and harmony. This research aims to provide an overview of kinship relationships and rulings specific to relatives in Islamic law in the light of the Qur'an and Sunnah, incorporating the views of different schools of thought and scholars.