Trade of mineral products and mining in the pre-Islamic Turks (Huns, Gokturks, Uighurs)

In Central Asia, Turks established powerful states, especially Huns, Gokturks and Uighurs. The Turks have developed political, religious and cultural relations with many states since they came to the stage of history. In addition to these relationships, there are associations established in the commercial field. The Turks share the same geographical area with the communities they trade with, and the long-standing relationships have a great prospect to understand the economics of Asian geography. Mining activities are also taking place in the economies due to the mineral deposits, which are the geological features of the geography of the Turks, who continue their lives in pre-Islamic Central Asia. In Central Asia, the Turks operated mines, and in these quarries, they managed to process the raw mines and thus produced various tools and equipment from the mines according to their needs. Therefore, the commercial activities carried out by the Turks include raw mines and products made of different types of mines. Historical sources and archaeological finds provide important information on the mining activities of pre-Islamic Turks and their trade. By applying the Turkish mining industry in advanced terms, they have not only met their needs but also exported more metal products to other communities where they have established various relations. In the same way, Turks have also imported metal and mineral products from other societies according to their needs. The pre-Islamic mining trade associations are predominantly made up of Chinese, Iranians, Byzantines, Arabs, Sogdians and Mongolian.