Evaluation of liquefaction potential of karşiyaka district, i̇zmir

Soil liquefaction is known to be a significant geotechnical problem that occurs due to the loss of strength between soil particles as a result of increased pore water pressure under dynamic effects. During an earthquake, undesirable and unexpected ground behaviors such as sudden collapses, large displacements, and lateral spreading may occur. Therefore, determining the extent of liquefaction is highly important. Within the scope of this study, in accordance with the Turkish Building Earthquake Code, the local soil characteristic properties of the neighborhoods within the zoning boundaries of the Karşıyaka district in İzmir Province and the potential for liquefaction under different earthquake scenarios were investigated. A total of 181 geotechnical investigation reports and 440 borehole data points were examined for the Karşıyaka district. Based on the analyses, mapping studies were conducted to assess the soil characterization and potential liquefaction under various earthquake scenarios using parameters such as (Vs)30, (N60)30 values obtained from Standard Penetration Tests (SPT), as well as soil consistency, stiffness, density, and the presence and depth of the groundwater table. As expected in the study area, settlement and the extent of liquefaction were observed to be dramatic in regions close to the coastline. Considering the potential material and emotional losses that could arise due to possible liquefaction, it is strongly recommended to take precautionary measures in these areas. In zoning plan revisions and decision-making processes related to urban renewal projects planned for the district, it would be beneficial to take into account the liquefaction maps developed to prevent possible damage caused by soil liquefaction.